(国家海洋局第三海洋研究所，福建 厦门，361005)
摘 要: 概述海底热液活动现象和国内外有关深海热液活动的研究进展，结合相关研究的最新进展，重点介绍全球深海热液区的分布情况、环境生态和深海热液生物群落组成，并以门类为单位概述了原生动物门和12个多细胞动物门的深海热液生物研究现状，以利于深海热液区的寻找和生态保护。
关键词: 深海；热液活动；热液生物群落
hydrothermal vent communities
（Third Institute of Oceanography, State Oceanic Administration, Xiamen 361005, China）
Abstract:The phenomenon of submarine hydrothermal activity and the researches progress on deep-sea hydrothermal activity were summarized. Combined with the latest developments in research, the global distribution of deep-sea hydrothermal field, environmental ecology and the compositions of deep-sea hydrothermal vent communities were depicted. Protozoa and 12 multi-cellular animals phyla of deep-sea hydrothermal vent were also introduced, which facilitate the search on deep-sea hydrothermal areas and ecological protection.
Key words: deep-sea; hydrothermal activity; hydrothermal vent community
